endobj 9 0 obj << Seismic waves can be classified into two basic types: body waves which travel through the Earth and surface waves, which travel along the Earth's surface. <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 13 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 595.32 841.92] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> The rupture initiated slowly at a depth of 23 km. /Type /Page The first kind of body wave is the P wave or primary wave.This is the fastest kind of seismic wave, and, consequently, the first to 'arrive' at a seismic station. /Type /XObject P waves are also known as compression waves. �;f e1�2�j�!P��b�m'dq)��k���RH����b�x�:A�G�s"8M3͓�Cg /Shading << /Sh << /ShadingType 2 /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB /Domain [0.0 272.12549] /Coords [0 0.0 0 272.12549] /Function << /FunctionType 3 /Domain [0.0 272.12549] /Functions [ << /FunctionType 2 /Domain [0.0 272.12549] /C0 [1 1 1] /C1 [0.75 0.5 0.25] /N 1 >> ] /Bounds [] /Encode [0 1 ] >> /Extend [false false] >> >> how waves propagate from an earthquake hypocenter to seismic stations across the globe. (2) Ground strains caused by body and surface waves have been analyzed for original data and its separated body and surface waves. Two types of surface waves, known as Love waves … P and S waves are body waves. stream Free surface water wave problem. A body wave is a seismic wave that moves through the interior of the earth, as opposed to surface waves that travel near the earth's surface. /FormType 1 /FormType 1 /Length 15 The solution was updated twice in three days. �1���_��w�[I;��e����\�v�`���^ 16 0 obj << stream endobj In view of its advantage during the study of the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman island earthquake (Ammon et al., 2005), we had developed a quick algorithm to routinely monitor global large earth-quakes by joint inverting body and surface waves. The rest of the energy, which is most of the energy, is radiated from the focus of the earthquake in the form of seismic waves. At the same time viewer can watch waves propagating through a cross-sectional view of the earth. endobj A. then constrained using both broadband body waves and long period seismic waves. /PTEX.InfoDict 51 0 R x��ZYo�F~7����!�}� ��#�,6X����b��Lˊe�#ʞ��ߪ�"%e`�0�}TWW}�U5����w߽���/������"I��췫���w�'�������sU&�w�g,)��%��E!�JTy%��G���U�,��"Y�Sm�~>?��~�owIV�?n�L��U��t�?.����}�:����\����#,�K��k�J��}N��o����Il����T��e���W�D�A��lV��0O����l&��_���'>�S2�����2Uc��o��`q��]�DzOg�Hu��������� ��A��@}�4j�U���'�v�f"}6��n�Q�7q�`]�B�n�� Types. /MediaBox [0 0 362.8347 272.1261] >> endobj /Filter /FlateDecode /BBox [0 0 362.8347 272.1261] 2 0 obj /Length 15 Surface waves usually have larger amplitudes and longer wavelengths than body waves, and they travel more slowly than body waves do. /Length 54 0 R /R 22050 /Length 1396 ���q���vm�x��oP�k�]�n\Ť�6��|ǯv��އ�Miќiٰ�(��`��5J'��~�J �فyn��������^�?ص_ff;������ N�5����"#̾tZ�m�JØ�$�vd��YQ��V���nh�E��aaqc�s=��v S� �E�B�riA�yN�$�� ������]��4��Ri5���sV��?�� j�ȟk�v&e���װ3:d8�'�ہ���LH2drLh����i�"w�=�ТL�&�E�;�(�ߤ��!Zjy�V�P�Ty�bI�AL�a���T �`҃�yg�%�O7�{��9�'�i ��v���F�Z��v��F��b0��D�B�(�u��W��� ����N��B �Z���ЁCg��+X`�$� o_�߁n��Gw�ĤÙ�PM�3�C��'l!6���+H�q^��-�g4�llxr�%�M�[캧B�V �A��Yoe���p.�ȥ�Gހ�m�TS4����l�o���4������-��|_��y�xG� �e��!�7����Tk��垩�֢ �3@|�3��>�"�{" %PDF-1.4 >> endobj 10 0 obj << /BBox [0 0 8 8] 47 0 obj << As a longitudinal compressional waveform, P-waves move in the same way as sound waves. stream /Trans << /S /R >> /Matrix [1 0 0 1 0 0] /Matrix [1 0 0 1 0 0] x���P(�� ��endstream As they spread out, they alternately push (compress) and pull (expand) the ground as they move through it. >> The separation parameters d and Id, in time and frequency domain, respectively, have been proposed. 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