[30][31], King Gyanendra also stated in the interview with News24 that a written agreement existed between the politicians and himself that the constitutional monarchy would be returned when he gave up his powers to the politicians and restored the Parliament that he had sacked. "[28] He had planned to worship at various holy shrines in the district. Furthermore, the former king is reported to have 54% stake in Himalayan Goodricke, 39% stake in Surya Nepal Tobacco, stakes in Annapurna Hotel which he inherited from aunt Princess Helen, large tea plantations in Itahari stake in Himal International Power Corporation, Jyoti spinning mill in Birgunj, Narayanghat brewery, a Toyota and Tata distributorship, Laxmi Rosin Turpentine Pvt Ltd, Bhotekoshi power company, Sipradi Trading Pvt Ltd, Gorkha Lawrie Pvt Ltd, Amaravati Pvt Ltd, an island in the Maldives and oil interest in Nigeria. [3] In the end of the 18th century, the central politics was regularly dominated by two notable political factions; Thapas and Pandes. [4][5] Rana Bahadur appointed Kirtiman Singh Basnyat as Chief (Mul) Kaji among the newly appointed four Kajis though Damodar Pande was the most influential Kaji. Weeks of street protests in 2006 forced then King Gyanendra to abandon his authoritarian rule and introduce democracy. [24] The government on practicality was not an absolute monarchy due to the dominance of Nepalese political clans making the Shah monarch a puppet ruler. The heads of constitutional bodies are appointed by the President on the recommendation of Constitutional Council, with the exception of the Attorney General, who is appointed by the President on the recommendation of Prime Minister. An agreement was reached between the parties under the supervision of the Indian ruling Congress that the monarchy would have a place in the new constitution. After 23 protesters were killed, on 21 April 2006, Gyanendra announced that he would yield executive authority to a new prime minister chosen by the political parties to oversee the return of democracy. Nepal - Nepal - Fall of the monarchy: The country’s political life in the 1990s and 2000s was marked by prolonged instability as the monarchy, the NC, and Maoists jostled for power. [9] When the exiled abdicated King Rana Bahadur Shah prepared his return in 1804, he arrested many government officials including then Chief Kaji Damodar Pande and sacked the reigning government. Having been a businessman, the former king is said to have inherited huge fortunes from his family members and still runs many lucrative businesses through investments and is widely believed to be worth hundreds of millions of dollars. ", King Gyanendra had broken his closely guarded silence in an interview with a Nepali weekly paper in which he said he remained silent to "let the peace process succeed". According to Article 167 of the constitution, all executive powers as well as those enjoyed by the King in the previous Constitution were now vested in the prime minister. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. His second reign began after the 2001 Nepalese royal Massacre. He leads the Commission for the Monastic Affairs or the Dratshang Lhentshog. In an interview with Nepal Aaja, Dr. KC remarked that the former king did not show any active interest to return to the throne or into politics. If either of the candidates fails to garner the majority of the delegate’s votes, a runoff pits the top two candidates until one of them gets th… King Gyanendra married his second cousin Komal Rajya Lakhsmi Devi on 1 May 1970 in Kathmandu. He took over the administration of Nepal by assuming the position of Mukhtiyar (chief authority). [21] Gyanendra accepted the decision in the following days. On 15 January 2007 the interim parliament was set up with CPN-M included, and on 1 April 2007, the interim government joined by CPN-M was formed. [24] The judiciary functions were decided on the principles of Hindu Dharma codes of conduct. The Rana Prime Minister provided a 300,000 rupee annual budget as expenditure for the King. Not only was Gyanendra crowned, but coins were issued in his name. Replying to a question raised regarding the King's silence even after the bill was passed declaring the state a republic, he said that there was nothing for the King to respond to. He claimed that the King was examining the activities of the government and the parliament and was waiting for a suitable time to respond to them. Nepal Bhutan ... of an unprecedented situation involving a foreign head of state. No. He is the worldly political leader and also the Commander of the Faithful or Amir al-Mou'minin since he is viewed as an immediate descendant of Prophet Mohammed, giving him t… He said that his attempt was not a success and so the countrymen are suffering at present. Nepal was only to this extent a Hindu Rashtra. He said that no people[clarification needed] would accept the "bill" unless decided by a referendum or elected members in the constituent assembly. The move did not affect the properties he owned before his accession to the throne. Gyanendra was born in the old Narayanhiti Royal Palace, Kathmandu, as the second son of Crown Prince Mahendra and his first wife, Crown Princess Indra. Bharadar translates as 'bearers of burden of state'. [22], Mukhtiyars ruled over the executive and administrative functions of the state until its replacement by British conventional Prime Minister in 1843 conferred upon then ruling Mukhtiyar Mathabar Singh Thapa.[23]. Nevertheless, Gyanendra left for Pokhara. [3] As per historians and contemporary writer Francis Hamilton, the government of Nepal[note 2] comprised, As for Regmi states, the government of Nepal comprised, In 1794, King Rana Bahadur Shah came of age and his first act was to re-constitute the government such that his uncle, Prince Bahadur Shah of Nepal, had no official part to play. Prime Minister Koirala, who had previously supported the continuation of the monarchy, said in March 2007 that he thought Gyanendra should step down. Portrait Name (Birth–Death) Term of office King (Reign) Took office Left office When asked if he would consider becoming actively involved in politics, he said that he is not a politician. A two-man investigation team appointed by Gyanendra and made up of Keshav Prasad Upadhaya, then-Supreme Court Chief Justice, and Taranath Ranabhat, then-Speaker of the House of Representatives, carried out a week-long investigation. [32], In July 2019, the former king summoned acclaimed political analyst Dr. Surendra KC where the two discussed the current political environment of the nation. However, Dr. KC did note that the former monarch showed great concerns for the condition of the Nepalese in times of economic turmoil and political suppression. Nepal has seen political turmoil for some time, the latest developments seeing the King hand over his powers to a parliamentarian government and the government signing a peace treaty with Maoist rebels. His investment in Soaltee Hotel alone was estimated to be around $100 million in 2008 with a 40% stake. In all clouds, there is a silver lining. The character of government in Kingdom of Nepal was driven from consultative state organ of the previous Gorkha hill principality, known as Bharadar. ... response rebutting its finding that the German government could act against the king if it wished. Throughout those two decades the government remained largely in the hands of the NC with brief periods of CPN (UML) control. [citation needed] The royal family's departure from the palace was reported as a "major symbolic moment in the fall of the Shah dynasty, which had unified Nepal in the 1760s".[24][25]. They have two children: The events surrounding the massacre on 1 June 2001 proved very controversial in the country. Further, the image of a potential benevolent ruler would have been critical in accelerating the process. The policies of the old Bharadari governments were derived from ancient Hindu texts as Dharmashastra and Manusmriti. Police blocked the main road to the prime minister's office, using batons to beat the protesters, who responded by throwing rocks and sticks. [citation needed]. While the Nepali Congress had a long history of democratic struggle, the Nepal Communist Party was formed only in 2018 after the merger of CPN-UML and Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist-Centre). Critics and citizen alike condemned the remarks of the politicians' criticizing the former king's private affair. In May 2002, he supported the popularly elected Prime Minister Sher Bahadur Deuba when he dismissed the parliament elected in 1999. Girija Prasad Koirala was appointed prime minister in the interim. Girija Prasad, as the main leader, had talks with the King and the agreement for monarchy's position. All powers of the 239-year-old monarchy were stripped, making Gyanendra a civilian king. All the powers of the king have confiscated on 4 th Jestha 2063 BS. The government is led by a Kshatriya king guided by Brahmins in his court. In November 1950, during a political plot, both his father and his grandfather King Tribhuvan, along with other royals, fled to India, leaving the young Prince Gyanendra as the only male member of the royal family in Nepal.He was brought back to the capital Kathmandu by the Prime Minister Mohan Shamsher, who had him declared King on 7 November 1950. The executive branch of government is the organ that exerts authority and is accountable for how a state is governed. [2][note 1] These Bharadars were drawn from high caste and politically influential families. During his early years on the throne, King Gyanendra sought to exercise full control over the government, citing the failure of all the political parties to hold an election after the parliament was dissolved. Let us hope. Monday's protest was the … [12] Later, Kirtiman Singh was secretly assassinated on 28 September 1801, by the supporters of Raj Rajeshwari Devi[7] and his brother Bakhtawar Singh Basnyat, was then given the post of Chief (Mul) Kaji. [36] The institution of the presidency in Nepal was created with the declaration of the country as a Republic in 2008. In April 2006, the seven-party alliance and the then banned CPN Maoist party in an underground manner[clarification needed] staged protests and strikes in Kathmandu against Gyanendra's direct rule. Out of Kathmandu, the latest breaking news,analysis and opinion from Nepal and the world on politics, business, sports, entertainment, and much mores [citation needed] Thus, King Gyanendra's confrontational approach with the established political parties met with widespread censure. [22] As he was required to leave Narayanhiti, he asked the government to make residential arrangements for him on 1 June, and on 4 June the government decided to give Nagarjuna Palace to Gyanendra. Ram Baran Yadav was elected as the state’s first president. When King Gyanendra took complete control for the second time, on 1 February 2005, he dismissed Prime Minister Sher Bahadur Deuba's government for failing to make arrangements for parliamentary elections and being unable to restore peace in the country, which was then in the midst of a civil war led by Maoist insurgents. Parliament's proclamation that Nepal was a republic also occurred on a Friday. This branch also enacts and implements the law. The King then finally took over as the head of government in February 2005. Once parliament dissolves, Israelis will head to the polls in March for a fourth time since early 2019, this time in the midst of the coronavirus pandemic, a major economic recession, and while Netanyahu is on trial for a series of corruption charges. In May 1991, Nepal held its first parliamentary elections. King Mahendra assumed the largely titular head of state position given the monarchy under the 1959 constitution, did not intervene with the governance of the country, and spent most of his time touring Nepal or travelling abroad. The President of Nepal serves as the nation’s head of state. His new residence consists of ten buildings including the royal residence Hemanta Bas, three guesthouses (Barsha Bas, Sharad Bas and Grishma Bas), one office secretariat and one staff quarters. Leaders speaking at the corner assembly called on Gyanendra to stop his visit and also warned that they would obstruct his tour forcibly if he started it. The king’s closest advisor is the Je Khenpo who serves as Bhutan’s highest religious official. Apparently searching for a new national emblem has formed part of these developments. Gyanendra, in an interview with foreign reporters published on 9 April 2008,[26] expressed dissatisfaction over the decision made by the interim parliament to abolish the monarchy after the 10 April Constituent Assembly election. [6] He was brought back to the capital Kathmandu by the Prime Minister Mohan Shamsher, who had him declared King on 7 November 1950. Koirala, the brother of Nepal’s first elected prime minister (1959–60), was nominated by the NC and appointed by the king to head the new elected government. He was deposed by the first session of the Constituent Assembly on 28 May 2008, thereby declaring the nation as the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal and abolishing the 240-year reign of the Shah Dynasty. Like the warrior king, he too was led astray by a luring fate and overweening ambition. Nepal Bhutan ... She told Nikkei that the German government should stop accommodating the Thai head of state. In some cases they are de facto leaders not occupying either of those positions or prime ministers who are not heads of government. [citation needed], In an interview, King Gyanendra's advisor, Bharat Keshar Singh, claimed that the bill passed by the parliament was a bluff. [5] Kirtiman had succeeded Abhiman Singh Basnyat as Chief Kaji[6] while Prince Bahadur Shah was succeeded as Chief (Mul) Chautariya by Prince Ranodyot Shah, then heir apparent of King Rana Bahadur Shah by a Chhetri Queen Subarna Prabha Devi. 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He asserted that since the politicians had not asked the people by a referendum to abolish the institution, a referendum to bring him back was not needed. On 28 December 2007, the Nepali interim parliament approved a bill for the amendment to the constitution of 1990 promulgated on 15 January 2007, with a clause stating that Nepal would become a federal democratic republic, to be implemented by the first meeting of the Constituent Assembly elections. but the period of direct rule was accompanied by repression of dissent. Pro-king supporters clash with riot police as they march demanding reinstating monarchy that was abolished more than a decade ago in Kathmandu, Nepal, Monday, Jan.11, 2021. Two years later, a newly elected parliament voted to abolish the monarchy and declared Nepal a republic with a president as head of state. 2002. A monarchy is typically called a kingdom. [29], In an interview with News 24 TV channel in 2012, King Gyanendra stated that he would return as the King of Nepal, although he did not state a particular time frame. [3] In the face of broad opposition, he restored the previous parliament in April 2006. His predecessor King Birendra had established a constitutional monarchy in which he delegated policy to a representative government. On 7 February 2008 the BBC reported King Gyanendra as saying to Japanese journalists: "The Nepali people themselves should speak out on where the nation is heading, on the direction it is taking and on why it is becoming chaotic [...]. Therefore, the visitors wrote birthday wishes on registers kept at the Nirmal Niwas Palace. After several delays in elections, King Gyanendra suspended the constitution and assumed direct authority in February 2005, asserting that it would be a temporary measure to suppress the Maoist insurgency as the ushering in of democracy in Nepal had led to a fractious, corrupt and incompetent series of government who were successively incapable to deal with the Maoist insurgency. The head of state is the President and the Prime Minister holds the position of the Head of executive. [24] The King was considered as an incarnation of Lord Vishnu and was the chief authority over legislative, judiciary and executive functions. There is something eerily Macbeth-like about King Gyanendra's fling with the throne. Bhimsen Thapa was made a second kaji; Ranajit Pande, who was the father-in-law of Bhimsen's brother, was made the Mul (Chief) Kaji; Sher Bahadur Shah, Rana Bahadur's half-brother, was made the Mul (Chief) Chautariya; while Rangnath Paudel was made the Raj Guru (royal spiritual preceptor). Following the dissolution of the Nepali Congress government by King Mahendra in 1960, Nepal reverted to a “Panchayat system” under absolute monarchy and remained so until 1990. But Nepal barely has political ground prepared for the king to return to his deposed throne. [34], Reports of citizens wanting to reinstate the ousted monarchy are commonplace in the Nepali media due to the widespread corruption in political establishments, unstable governments and the frivolous lifestyles of the unpopular president Bhandari and prime minister Oli's frequent visits regarding health condition to Singapore on taxpayers' money. 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