katherinepatin. Significance of Atmospheric Moisture: 1. in the wet lapse rate, air is being ______, just not as fast as the dry lapse rate. In stable conditions, the vertical movement of air will be smooth and is not likely to cause deep convection like thunderstorms. when relative humidity reaches 100%, then it is ________. The atmosphere isn’t just made up of air but also contains water vapour. Lows are usually associated with high winds, warm air, and atmospheric lifting. From about Iowa, Nebraska, down to the gulf of Mexico. It then returns to the Earth in the form of rain, snow, sleet, and half. 1. Which are forms of frozen water? The clouds, temperature, precipitation, winds and storms that you and your students observe are dependent on interactions between global systems and your local conditions such as geography, latitude, moisture levels and solar energy absorption. increasing; compression; decrease; increase, as the air parcel descends, it is sinking, so atmospheric pressure is _________, which has an effect of gas __________, a ________ in volume, and an _______ in pressure and temperature, rate in which the air is not saturated; describes the rate of cooling with altitude of an unsaturated air parcel, it has a temp above the dew point which means condensation has NOT occurred, and it doesn't have 100% relative humidity, decreases with temperature; a rising parcel of cooling air without condensation, cools at the ___ _______ ____ _____ of -5.5° F per 1000 ft. in the wet lapse rate, once the air has reached the dew point and become saturated, that is the ____ _______. From: Cloud Computing in Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, 2016. if water vapor is not added or removed from the air mass, it is constant, and then relative humidity changes with ________. a small, but very intense low pressure system vortex that has high wind speeds, powerful highly complex storms forming warm moist air along the cooler dryer air, the Rocky mountains, the Appalachians. Related terms: General Circulation Model tornadoes generally travel in the __________ direction, but not always. in the wet lapse rate, released condensation releases ______ ________. Check all that apply. If dry air rises, it cools at a rate of 1°C/100 m. This is the dry adiabatic lapse rate. 4. Check all that apply. refers to the way that water moves within the hydrologic cycle and the relationship between evaporation, precipitation, and runoff. As the sun warms the surface of the Earth, water evaporates from lakes, oceans, rivers, plants, the ground, and other sources. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Atmospheric modeling is an important method to generate physical and numerical measurements of climate parameters, quantify the spatiotemporal changes of atmospheric phenomena over space and time, and predict their occurrences. This is because atmospheric water vapour is determined from atmospheric circulation in a warmer climate while global precipitation is constrained by evaporation from the surface. Even though oxygen is not a heat-trapping greenhouse gas, its concentration in our atmosphere … Ocean currents that have a northward or southward component, such as the warm Gulf Stream in the North Atlantic or the cold Peru (Humboldt) Current off South America, effectively exchange heat between low and high latitudes. • Water can also achieve solid and liquid phases on Earth – Temperature and pressure • Saturation – The maximum amount of water that can exist in the atmosphere as a vapor. a form of precipitation induced when warm, moist air is heated at the ground surface, rises, cools, and condenses to form water droplets, raindrops, and eventually rainfall; latent heat release, and energy increases updraft, unequal heating of the surface causes an air parcel to become warmer and less dense in surrounding air; because it is less dense, the warm air parcel moves upwards, it cools as it rises, when it is cool to the dew point temp, clouds form, latent heat is released = an increase in energy which increases the updraft; with that condensation cumulonimbus or cumulus clouds are formed, with showers occurring, these are very intense, and are associated with massive cumulonimbus clouds, In convectional thunderstorms, you have a ______ _________ air moving rapidly _____, and that creates a corresponding downdraft that can produce heavy rain and hail, updrafts and downdrafts can cause positive and negative charges to accumulate in different parts of a cloud and the transference of those + and - charges results in _______, _______ is the expansion of the air as the + and - charges are exchanged, Thunderstorms are associated with _________, they are occasional down drafts that are so intense that when they reach the ground, they flow out in all directions; are known to cause plane crashes, ________ occur in association with thunderstorms that develop a lot of cold fronts like mid latitude regions, a _______ appears as a dark funnel cloud typically hanging down from a cumulonimbus cloud. This layer contains most of Earth’s clouds and is the location where weather primarily occurs. Atmospheric Moisture Matching Section Quiz 23 1 {Just after viewing products detail web pages, look in this article to discover a simple strategy to navigate Which descriptions refer to cirrus clouds? Check all that apply. water vapor in the air condenses to form liquid water or ice. b. wet lapse rate depends on the ________ of the air, and its ________ content. What is Moisture ? Where do clouds form? The vapor rises into the atmosphere, providing the moisture that forms clouds. Moving from ocean to air to land and back to the ocean, water is endlessly cycled through the environment. Precipitation is any liquid or frozen water that forms in the atmosphere and falls back to the Earth. in the orographic uplifting mechanism, the windward side = _____, and the leeward side = _____ _______. Learn atmospheric moisture precipitation with free interactive flashcards. Earth has a surprising new player in the climate game: oxygen. Scheduled maintenance: Saturday, December 12 from 3–4 PM PST, three states of water, hydrosphere, hydrologic cycle, humidity, adiabatic process, clouds, precipitation, air quality, solid = ____; liquid =_____; gas = ______ ______, Latent heat is ______ in the processes of deposition, condensation and freezing, Latent heat is _______ in the processes of melting, evaporation, and sublimation, energy which is drawn in from the surroundings and stored within the water molecules, the change of state of a substance from a gas to a solid, process of change of matter in the gaseous state to the liquid or solid state, change from liquid state to solid state, accompanied by the release of latent heat, becoming sensible heat, change from solid state to liquid state, accompanied by absorption of sensible heat to become latent heat, process in which water in a liquid or solid state passes into the vapor state, process for the change of ice into water vapor, the realm of water in all its forms, and the flows of water among ocean, land, and atmosphere, __.__% of the hydrosphere consists of ocean salt water and the remaining __.__% is freshwater, the next largest reservoir is fresh water, that is stored as ice sheets and mountain glaciers, which accounts for __.____% of total global water, Groundwater makes up __.____% of the hydrosphere, only a small quantity of water is held as vapor/cloud water droplets in the atmosphere, and that is just __._____% of the hydrosphere, the flow of water vapor from _____ tropical oceans to _____ regions provides a global flow of heat from low to high altitudes, this cycle describes how liquid water and water vapor move back and forth between the ocean, water from the oceans and from land surfaces _______, changing state from liquid to vapor and entering the atmosphere, In the hydrologic cycle, the total evaporation is about ___ times greater over oceans than land. Choose from 500 different sets of atmospheric moisture precipitation flashcards on Quizlet. in the orographic uplifting mechanism, on the right side, you have a descending ____ _____ parcel of air that warms, expands, and there is a rain shadow. 1. Which type of cloud is most likely present on a gray, rainy day? Atmospheric rivers are narrow regions in the atmosphere that transport much of the moisture from the tropics to northern latitudes. warm areas of the cloud; the growth of droplets and clouds occurs when large droplets combine with smaller droplets; it produces rain or drizzle, cool areas of the cloud; contains a mixture of ice crystals and super cool water droplets; ice particles act as a freezing nuclei; sleet & hail, type of precipitation that occurs as a result of moist air being forced over a topographic barrier such as a mountain, in the orographic uplifting mechanism, on the left side, you have an ascending _____ ____ parcel air, that ______, condensation occurs, and rain follows. A small amount of a liquid (such as water) that makes something wet or moist Wetness caused by water; "drops of wet gleamed on the window" 3. a direct gain or loss in water vapor that can happen through evaporation, or precipitation processes. Nearly all of the biomes on Earth are dictated by two factors: the amount of temperature and precipitation they receive, and these are correlated. An air-mass thunderstorm, also called an "ordinary", "single cell", or "garden variety" thunderstorm, is a thunderstorm that is generally weak and usually not severe. Atmospheric Moisture & Precipitation 1. 2. Climate - Climate - Circulation, currents, and ocean-atmosphere interaction: The circulation of the ocean is a key factor in air temperature distribution. The rate at which it cools depends on the amount of moisture in the air. if an air mass has 100% of all the water it can hold and the temp drops, then the result will be _____. The water vapour present in rain-bearing clouds is responsible for all kinds of precipitation, and the amount of water vapour present in a given volume of air indicates the atmosphere’s potential capacity for precipitation. an unwanted substance injected into the atmosphere from the Earth's surface by either natural or human activities, the most common ___ ________ is carbon monoxide, followed by particulate matter, volatile organic compounds (evaporated gasoline, dry-cleaning fluids, completely combusted fossil fuels), nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and ammonia, tiny particles present in the atmosphere, so small and light that the slightest movements of air keep them aloft, solid and liquid particles capable of being suspended for long periods in the atmosphere, mixture of aerosols and chemical pollutants in the lower atmosphere, usually found over urban areas, nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds, and ozone, a condition in which the temperature of the air increases with altitude, atmospheric condition in which temperature near the ground increases, rather than decreases, with elevation; heavy smog or highly toxic fog can develop, condition in which a _____-_____ layer of warm air overlies a layer of cooler air, reversing the normal trend of cooling with altitude; pollutants accumulate in the cool air layer and produce smog, rainwater having an abnormally low pH, between 2 and 5, as a result of air pollution by sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, Stable air has a temperature profile that ________ with altitude but at a slow rate. Which statements accurately describe humidity? Start studying Atmospheric Moisture and Precipitation. It then returns to the Earth in the form of rain, snow, sleet, and half. rising air experiences a _____ in temperature, even though no heat is lost to the outside; this is a result of the decrease in atmospheric pressure in high altitudes, decreasing; expansion; increase; decrease. Increased temperatures cause changes in atmospheric circulation and increase evaporation and water vapor, resulting in precipitation increases, more intense precipitation, more storms and sea level rise. changes in precipitation and atmospheric moisture. Processes associated with evaporation, condensation and precipitation. measures the ACTUAL quantity of water vapor in a parcel of air; is used to describe the water vapor of large air masses; is expressed as (g/kg) = grams of water vapor per kilogram of air. Scheduled maintenance: Saturday, December 12 from 3–4 PM PST. Which descriptions refer to cumulus clouds? Water in the atmosphere in different forms, such as water vapour and liquid. (Clarification statement: The water cycle should include evaporation, condensation, precipitation, transpiration, infiltration, groundwater, and runoff.) Our planet is 71% covered in water to an average depth of 3.8 km. Climate models suggest an increase in global average annual precipitation during the 21st these things form when the air is saturated and they compose droplets of water around tiny particles of matter, tiny bits of particulate matter that serve as surfaces on which water vapor condenses and clouds can form, The primary source of condensation nuclei is the ________ because the waves throw up a lot of water and ____ into the air; the _____ crystals strongly attract water molecules, term for when water can remain in a liquid state below freezing; can remain in liquid state as low as 10° F, These super cooled water droplets are found in clouds with high altitudes of ___-________ feet, in stratoform clouds, low altitude flat clouds = ______ clouds, in stratoform clouds, middle altitude clouds = ______ clouds, in stratoform clouds, high altitude clouds = _______ clouds, in cumuliform clouds, low altitude puffy clouds = _______ clouds, in cumuliform clouds, medium altitude clouds = _________ clouds, in cumuliform clouds, high altitude clouds = __________ clouds, _____ _______ range from low to high altitudes, and usually have an anvil shaped flat top; these are = to rain clouds, cloud layer in contact with land or sea surface, or very close to that surface, occurs at night when the temp of the air near the ground falls below the dew point temp; the land cools; condensation occurs in the air close to the ground, doesn't typically last long after sunrise, often occurs with low level temperature inversions; is NOT radioactive, occurs when warm moist air is cooled below its dew point temperature as it moves over a cold surface; typically occurs over the oceans. 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